Common MISTAKES With PREPOSITIONS And How To Avoid Them

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Learn extensive list of Most Common MISTAKES With PREPOSITIONS And How To Avoid Them with examples.

Table of Contents

• Common Mistakes with Prepositions
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• Common ERRORS in the Use of English PREPOSITIONS | Videos
  • Mistakes with Prepositions | Video 1
  • Mistakes with Prepositions | Video 2
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Common Mistakes with Prepositions

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Common Grammar Mistakes in English And How to Avoid Them

Common Grammar Mistakes: Examples & Correction

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Subject Verb Agreement Rules | English Grammar

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10 Subject Verb Agreement Rules

  RULE 1 (Basic Rule)

The subject and verb must agree in number. A singular subject takes a singular verb, whereas a plural subject takes a plural verb.

• A good medicine tastes bitter.
• He goes to work by bus.
• They visit us every other week.

  RULE 2

  The subject is separated from the verb by “with”, “as well as”, “together with”, “along with”. These words and phrases are not part of the subject. The verb agrees with the subject.
  • The politician, along with the newsmen, is expected shortly.

  RULE 3

  Two subjects joined by “and” are plural.
  • Mary and Joan are quite different.
  Exceptions:
  • Bacon and eggs is my favourite dish.
  In this sentence, bacon and eggs is a compound noun.

  RULE 4

  Two subjects joined by “or/not”, “either…or/neither…nor”, “not only…but also” take the verb that agrees with the subject closest to it.
  • Neither my mother nor my father goes to university.
  • Either my father or my brothers are coming.
  • Not only you but also I am planning to go.

  RULE 5

  With collective nouns, the verb might be singular or plural (UK), depending on meaning.
• The audience was clearly enchanted by her performance.
• The audience are strangely subdued, clapping politely after each song.

• RULE 6

  In sentences beginning with “here” or “there“, the true subject follows the verb.
  • There is a bush near the school playground.
  • Here are the keys.

  RULE 7

  The verb is singular if the subject is a singular indefinite pronoun such as each, either, neither, one, no one, every one, someone, anyone, nobody, somebody, anybody, everybody, one, no.
  • Nobody gets rich from writing nowadays.
  • Either of the plans is equally dangerous.
  The verb is plural if the subject is a plural indefinite pronoun such as several, few, both, many.
  • Several villages have been isolated by the heavy snowfall.
  And, some indefinite pronouns (some, any, all, most) may be either singular or plural, depending upon their use in a sentence: with uncountable, use singular; with countable, use plural.
  • Some of the books are out of place. Please put them in the right order. (Books are countable.)
  • Some of the music was weird. (Music is uncountable.)

  RULE 8

  Use a singular verb for expressions of measurement, time. money and weight when the amount is considered one unit.
  • Fifty dollars seems a reasonable price.
  • Three miles is too far to walk.
  BUT:
  • Five dollars were scattered on the ground.

  RULE 9

  Plural form subjects with a singular meaning take a singular verb (such as mumps, home economics, social studies economics, measles, calisthenics, statistics, civics, physics, gymnastics, phonics, news, acrobatics, aesthetics, thesis, mathematics, …).
  • Gymnastics is his favourite sport.
  • Mathematics is the science of pure quantity.

  RULE 10

  Titles of single entities (books, organizations, countries, etc.) are always singular.
  • Harry Potter is an interesting novel.

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Reported Speech: A Complete Grammar Guide

Tense Changes in Reported Speech

When changing from direct to indirect speech, you need to change the grammar in certain ways.

Verb tense forms usually need to change. The tenses generally move backwards in this way:

• Present Simple Tense into Past Simple Tense
• Present Continuous Tense into Past Continuous Tense
• Present Perfect Tense into Past Perfect Tense
• Past Simple Tense into Past Perfect Tense
• Past Continuous Tense into Past Perfect Continuous Tense
• Past Perfect Tense (The tense remains unchanged)
• Will into Would
• Will be into Would be
• Will have into Would have
• Will have been into Would have been

Other Verb Form Changes in Indirect Speech

• Can into Could
• Could (The verb remains unchanged)
• Have to into Had to
• Must into Must/Had to
• May into Might
• Might (The verb remains unchanged)
• Should (The verb remains unchanged)

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Changes in Time and Place in Reported Speech

Learn how to use Time and Place in Reported Speech.

Time and place references often have to change in Indirect Speech

• Now –> Then
• Today –> That day
• Here –> There
• This –> That
• Tomorrow –> The following day/ The next day/ The day after
• Next week –> The following week/ The next week/ The week after
• Yesterday –> The previous day/ The day before
• Last week –> The previous week/ The week before
• Ago –> Previously/ Before
• Tonight –> That night

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No Change in Verb Tenses in Reported Speech

There is no change in verb tenses in Indirect Speech when:

• The introductory verb is in the Present, Present Perfect or Future.
• If the reported sentence deals with a fact or general truth.
• The reported sentence contains a time clause.
• The verb of the sentence is in the unreal past (the second or the third conditional).
• The subjunctive stays unchanged in the subordinate clause.
• Had better, could, would, used to, should, might, ought to and mustn’t remain unchanged.
• If the speaker reports something immediately or soon after it was said.

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Introductory Verbs in Reported Speech

List of Introductory Verbs in Reported Speech.

• Tell, say, ask
• Verb + that + clause: complain, deny, explain, exclaim, remark, promise, boast, inform somebody, claim, agree, suggest
• Verb + to + infinitive: agree, offer, refuse, demand, threaten, promise, claim
• Verb + indirect object + to + infinitive: advise, allow, beg, command, encourage, forbid, invite, want, instruct, permit, urge, order, remind, warn
• Verb + “ing” form: admit (to), accuse somebody of, apologize for, boast about/ of, complain to somebody of, deny, insist on, suggest
• Verb + how: explain to somebody
• Wonder

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Changes of Pronouns in Reported Speech

Learn the Changes of Pronouns in Reported Speech in English.

In indirect speech, you need to be careful with personal pronouns. They need to be changed according to the situation. You need to know the context.

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Reported Questions in English

Let’s learn how to form Reported Questions in English.

When you are changing a question from direct speech into indirect speech, you follow the same kinds of rules as for statements.

To report a question, we use verbs such as: inquire, wonder, want to know, ask…

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Reported Commands and Requests in English

How to use Reported Commands and Requests in English with examples.

Reported Orders, Commands and Requests are formed using the to-infinitive and not to-infinitive.

The reporting verbs for the orders/ commands/ requests are: order, shout, demand, warn, beg, command, tell, insist, beseech, threaten, implore, ask, propose, forbid…

When we change from direct to indirect speech, the pronoun and tense changes that are also needed.

Reported Commands and Requests in English | Image

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